Organizational Staffing Plan

The purpose of this paper is to provide the lending institution with the required staffing organizational plan for the start-up new small business. This plan will explain the major staffing areas planned for the new coffee shop. This plan is based on approved human resource staffing principles. Employment Relationships The employment relationship that is planned is that of an Employer-Employee relationship. This will allow management to hire, train and schedule the staff. Of course, this will also mean that as the employer, the coffee shop will have certain legal responsibilities in regards to employment.One of these responsibilities is paying the employees at a fair rate. This rate must be at least $8. 25, which is the minimum wage in the District of Columbia. (â€Å"Minimum Wage,† 2013, table 1) This includes withholding the necessary payroll taxes, income and Social Security, and paying the necessary employer taxes, unemployment compensation and employer share of Medicare a nd Social Security. The coffee shop is also responsible for maintaining a safe working environment, as set forth by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA).This will ensure safety in the workplace. Avoiding Claims of Disparate Treatment Claims of disparate treatment involve allegations of intentional discrimination in which the employer knowingly and deliberately discriminated against people on the basis of specific characteristics such as race or sex. (Heneman, Judge, & Kammeyer-Mueller, 2012’, p. 58) In order to avoid these claims all parties need to be educated and trained. At the coffee shop this begins with a strong Equal Employment Opportunity (EEO) policy that all parties are held accountable to.All business should be conducted with EEO in mind. This means that recruitment, hiring, and promotions should be conducted with the intent to place the best qualified person in the job. The coffee shop intends to have an alternative dispute resolution (ADR) pro gram. This will assist in opening the lines of communication and hopefully, resolve disputes before claims are made. However, if a claim is filed it is the intention of the coffee shop to protect the employee from any type of retaliation. External Influences to StaffingThe economic conditions and the labor market will play a major role in the efforts to staff the coffee shop. Economic conditions that are expected to affect the coffee shop are high turnover. Labor market conditions will also affect the coffee shop through labor supply, labor shortages, and employment arrangements. It stands to reason that because the coffee shop will located next to a college campus, it is anticipated that some, if not most, of the staff will be college students. This will both hinder and assist in staffing efforts.High turnover will probably be the norm for the coffee shop. This would be due to the labor supply. Because the coffee shop will be located next to a college campus, it is highly probable that the staff will include a large amount of students. As these students graduate they will move on to jobs in their educational career field. This, of course, will lead to a higher turnover rate. This can be overcome with careful employment strategies. These strategies include diverse employment arrangements. Flexible scheduling may be the most feasible arrangement.This will allow the coffee shop to hire a more highly motivated workforce that will be able to balance their personal life with work. Incorporating full-time shifts into the schedule may also assist in attracting and retaining a non-student staff. Plan to Manage Employee Shortages or Surpluses In order to manage for employee shortages and surpluses it will be very important to monitor the nearby college’s schedule. For example, summer may be a slower business time because there are fewer students on campus.This will cause a labor surplus. However, in the fall when the campus is active, the coffee shop may suffer a labor shortage. This can be addressed by maintaining a larger part-time staff year round. In this way, staffing hours can be scaled back in the summer. Also, the coffee shop must factor in the high turnover rate that the college student graduates will provide in the spring. This will probably lead to an aggressive hiring strategy that would not need to be executed until the fall. Strategy for Workplace DiversityOne of the strategies that the coffee shop will need to implement to ensure diversity would be to recruit from a variety of arenas. The college campus can provide a very diverse pool of applicants. However, it would also be highly beneficial for the coffee shop to recruit non-student applicants. This will only add to the diversity that the students would bring. In order to reach the non-student population it would be wise to run advertisements in the local newspaper and post announcements in community locations outside of the campus.Job Analysis for Key Positions In order t o recruit the staff for the coffee shop, it is imperative to have accurate job descriptions for the key positions. This can only be done by conducting an effective job analysis. This job analysis will help to identify what requirements are necessary for the job. This will enable the new employee to successfully perform the duties of the position. A good place to begin would be to list the tasks that the store manager/coffee servers would be responsible for.Then determine the dimension that the task falls in. At that time, determine the importance of each task/dimension. Develop the Knowledge, Skills, Abilities, and Other characteristics (KSAOs). Finally, it is the time to develop the job description. Store Managers The most critical factors used in staffing these positions will be their leadership skills and their ability to motivate the staff. Some of the qualifications needed for this position are retail experience, supervisory experience, and experience analyzing financial report s.Some of the KSAOs for the position of store manager are ability to manage effectively in a fast-paced environment, ability to manage store operations independently, ability to manage multiple situations simultaneously, ability to manage resources ensuring established service levels are achieved at all times, interpersonal skills, knowledge of customer service techniques, organization and planning skills, team-building skills, ability to plan and prioritize workload, and ability to handle confidential and sensitive information, .There would also be educational requirements that include a high school diploma and a college degree in business or a closely related field may substitute for a portion of the required experience.Because of the physicality of the job, the physical requirements would include constant standing/walking, occasional stooping, kneeling or crawling, constant computer/POS Register and bar equipment usage, constant talking, expressing or exchanging ideas by means of the spoken word, and constant clarity of vision at near and/or far distances. (â€Å"Store Manager,† 2013) Coffee Servers The most critical factors used in staffing the coffee server positions would be there customer service skills and their ability to be dependable.Some of the qualifications for these positions would be maintain regular and consistent attendance and punctuality with or without reasonable accommodation, meet store operating policies and standards, including providing quality beverages and food products, cash handling and store safety and security, with or without reasonable accommodation, Engage with and understand our customers, including discovering and responding to customer needs through clear and pleasant communication, comply with a dress code that prohibits displaying tattoos, piercings in excess of two per ear, and unnatural hair colors, such as blue or pink, and available to perform many different tasks within the store during each shift. The KSAOs would include the ability to learn quickly, strong interpersonal skills, the ability to work as part of a team, and the ability to build relationships. (â€Å"Barista,† 2013)

April Morning by Howard Fast Essay

â€Å"April Morning† by Howard Fast is a novel that takes place during the Battle of Lexington on April 19, 1775. The entire book takes place during a 24 hour time period. Adam Cooper is the antagonist in this novel. When Adam goes to bed on the eve of April 18, 1775 he is a boy. When he awakens the next morning he is forced to become a man. In the early hours of the morning he, along with the rest of the town, is awakened by a lone rider racing to Lexington to warn them that a British army, of maybe a thousand men, is marching their way. Immediately the town is in a frenzy to prepare for the British arrival. The book is about Adam’s journey during the Battle of Lexington. Adam Cooper is just 15 years old when he chooses to fight alongside his father in the Battle of Lexington. He is a brave and courageous character. He admits, at least to himself, that he is scared to fight but it does not prevent him from fulfilling his duty to his people. During the battle Adam reveals that he does not enjoy killing and shooting people. His character is full of sarcasm and curiosity. He is constantly questioning everything including God which was practically unheard of in his time. Moses Cooper is Adam’s father. He is a strong man who loves to argue and debate with anyone. He is tough on Adam, so much so that Adam is convinced that his father hates him. There is only one point in this novel where Moses shows any kind of affection towards Adam, and it is right before the battle where Moses is killed. Solomon Chandler is an older man whom Adam runs into while running away from two redcoat soldiers. Solomon takes Adam under his wing so to say for the rest of the battle. He comforts Adam and provides Adam a shoulder to cry on after Adams father is shot and killed. Later we find out that Solomon has a darker side to him when he is shooting the Redcoat soldiers and laughing like it is a game. Granny also known as Goody Cooper is Adams grandmother. She and Adam seem very close. You can tell she is a tough woman but she is much more sensitive than her son Moses. Constantly you read about her reprimanding Moses even though he is full grown and has a family of his own. She is not afraid to voice her opinion to anyone. When the Redcoats are ransacking her home, she does not sit and cower, she follows them into every room and yells and screams at them calling them thieves and murderers. Ruth Simmons is Adams second cousin once removed. She is also his love interest in the story. Ruth has known Adam her whole life and decided when she was 13 years old that he was the man she wanted to marry. One of the many conflicts in this novel includes the physical size of the British Army verses the townspeople’s army. The British have an army of well over 1000 men, whereas Lexington was only able to acquire less than 100 men. When the British arrive at Lexington all of the men are faced with the option to both stand and fight, which was considered suicide, or they could run away. They had to make up their mind quick. Every single man ran and fled the town. Had they not there is no doubt that they would all have been slaughtered. Once the committees get together all the remaining men from nearby towns they plan to ambush the British. Adam describes how tiered and weak his body is. He is so tiered that he actually stops shooting and finds a spot under a tree where he falls asleep! He cannot physically stay awake any longer. At the end of the battle when Adam returns home he finds Ruth and they talk about the future. He confirms to Ruth that he does in fact love her, and to himself he confirms that he doesn’t want to marry any other girl but her. However, there is still the matter of Adam going to fight again and when Ruth asks Adam if he will sign the muster book he is torn between staying with his family and Ruth or going to war and fighting. As I read â€Å"April Morning† I found it very hard to stop reading. It is a fast moving book that goes through, in detail, each battle that Adam had to face in just 24 hours. I loved Adams character mostly because of his sarcasm in the beginning of the novel. I liked the fact that he did not really want to shoot and kill the Redcoats he just wanted them to leave. The book was cleverly written, and I admired Howard Fast for being able to write a book just about one day and still keeps it interesting the whole way through. I never found myself getting bored or tiered of reading it. I think it gives a great perspective on what the Battle of Lexington was like. It had everything a book, in my opinion, should have: love, hate, sorrow, terror, adventure, and action. A great read for anyone interested in learning more about our American history and how the American Revolution began.

Economies, Markets and Strategic Decisions Coursework

Economies, Markets and Strategic Decisions - Coursework Example The area of the corporation includes trade agreements, taxation policies, tariffs and duties among other areas. The report seeks to examine one of the countries in the G7 industrial economies carefully (G20, 2015). Although the G7 industrial economies are of countries that have been perennial economic powerhouses, there have been emerging economies that have sprung out rapidly. Some of the economies that have grown rapidly in the recent years include Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa. The countries are as BRICSA or tiger countries. Over the last decades, the BRICSA countries have grown rapidly causing ripples to some of the developed nations. Among the drivers that have led to the emergence of the countries includes innovation in the technological sector. The report carefully examines economic factors that have spurred the growth of the economies are also carefully considered (G20,2015). Finally, the report also features macroeconomic performance, international trade and international trade and investment over the last five years of one of the open economies. The free economy is not part of the G7 group neither is part of the BRICSA countries. The open economy consists several countries that include Argentina, Australia, Indonesia, Republic of Korea, Mexico, and Saudi Arabia among other countries (G20,2015). The U.S. economic was among the economies that worst hit by the recent global financial meltdown. Most of the world economies were stagnated following the eruption of the global financial crisis that adversely affected most countries. Over the last five years, significant economic changes have been made following the adoption of workable economic policies. The systems have seen the economy recovery from its shackles. Although proper measure have been put ensure full economic recovery issues such high unemployment rates

Linkedin Understanding a Statement of Rights and Responsibilities Case Study

Linkedin Understanding a Statement of Rights and Responsibilities - Case Study Example The user agreement clearly specifies that agreeing to the terms of the user agreement constitutes a legally binding contract, which is governed by the laws of California. However, whilst the LinkedIn user agreement confers jurisdiction over California, California law and jurisdiction may not be appropriate to intellectual property disputes. Additionally, the user agreement specifically highlights that some jurisdictions and countries do not permit the use of disclaimers in contracts and therefore in some countries, the disclaimers will not be applicable. There is also an exception from California being the appropriate choice of law and jurisdiction where parties have specified an alternative â€Å"competent jurisdiction† in an Arbitration Agreement. Additionally, LinkedIn users have the right to withdraw consent to the collection and processing of personal information at any time under the terms of the privacy policy. However, the withdrawal of consent is not retroactive, which means that any data collected up until the time of withdrawal of consent can still be processed by LinkedIn. However, if a user is under the age of 13 then under the Children’s Online Privacy Protection Act 1998, the website privacy policy must ensure that parental or guardian consent is obtained for the processing of data collected on the site. As issues impacting commerce and social networking continue to evolve, this, in turn, leads to continuous changes in legal issues impacting the networking environment.  Accordingly, the user agreement is subject to continuous changes and users are bound by changes to the LinkedIn User Agreement.

New business on wine Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

New business on wine - Essay Example This paper provides a clear picture regarding the possible name of a new business on wine. It also includes the details of the partnership agreement that can be followed by the partners who are going to buy the vineyard It also includes the details of the partnership agreement that can be followed by the partners who are going to buy the vineyard. Furthermore, a proper mission statement is also developed based on the current situation of the company. A list of objectives and a proper SWOT analysis is also included in the paper in order to help the management in the decision making process. Introduction In real business world, if noticed carefully, it will be found that most of the businesses irrespective of their size and nature are actually the result of partnerships of two or more individuals. In case of most of businesses starting point was a partnership. However, turning a partnership into a big business is one of the most challenging tasks in the world. There are number of activ ities and decision making processes that are involved in the entire process. Perhaps the first major activity for starting up a business is choosing an appropriate name that will give a brand identity to the business. This paper is all about such a business that is likely to be concentrated on a vineyard and the wine produced from it. The business needs to be given a proper name and hence the paper includes a suitable name for it. Furthermore, an appropriate partnership agreement that can be followed in conducting the business is also provided in the paper. Over the years it is observed that businesses succeed or fail on the basis of various strategic decisions that are made by the management. However, prior to making any strategic decision, it is very important to analyze the internal and external environment of the company. Hence, the paper includes a proper SWOT analysis for the vineyard business. It also includes the possible mission statement and a list of some major strategic objectives that are required to be met in order to have initial success. Task One The partnership business on vineyard is hereby given the name of ‘Azinert’ which is a combination of last two-three words that are taken from each of the existing product categories – Shiraz, Chenin and Dessert Wine. This will be the new brand identity for the business in upcoming years. All the products that will be produced will be sold under the brand name of Azinert. Task Two Legally a partnership is referred to the relationship between the individuals who are involved into common business with the objective of sharing profits. Usually more than a single party is involved in a partnership and partners must have to agree various terms and conditions which are the pillars of the partnership (Kimuda, 2008). The partnership agreement, in case of Azinert will be made on May 15, 2011. The partners are likely to contribute the capital in the form of cash. There will be a separate capit al account for each of the partners. None of the partners will be able to withdraw any portion from his capital account. Based on the demand of each of the partners, the capital accounts will be maintained in a certain proportions in which profits and losses are shared. The net profits as well as the net losses will be divided equally among the partners. There will be a separate income account for each of the partners. Profits or losses will be either credited or charged to the each of the income accounts. In case the income account does not have enough balance, then losses will be charged to the respective capital account (Internet Legal Research Group, n.d.). As far as the salaries are concerned, there will be no such thing for any partner for any services that are rendered. However, partners are allowed to withdraw the required credit balance from their respective income account. Furthermore, no interest will be credited on the initial amount of capital neither there will be any interest on the any subsequent

Western Civilizations History Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Western Civilizations History - Research Paper Example Einstein explained the probability of sustained nuclear reaction which could have been made with the end result being a possible powerful bomb. Einstein went ahead to explain that these bombs, after their manufacture and when they are ready for use could be transported by ships even with a remote possibility that they could possibly be transported by planes. From the same understanding, Einstein made it clear that it was possible that Germany had already thought of this possibility and were probably thinking about starting production. This idea that Germany could be in production stage was arrived at after it was observed that they had suspended the uranium export that they had previously engaged in so as to use it to manufacture atomic bombs1. This kind of warning was taken seriously by the Roosevelt administration such that within one month, a research committee was constituted. A nuclear program was then introduced by the US under the guidance of Army Corps in the year 1942. This was in a bid to build a weapon before either Japan or Germany had the idea materialized into something lethal before America had their own systems of attack ready. In May of the same year, the president signed the authorization to develop a secret project that would bring about the development of a nuclear weapon. This project was said to be one of the largest projects ever carried out by the United States government. The engineers that were responsible for its construction were given a name that would not suggest the real agenda behind their secret discovery. They were therefore named the Manhattan Engineering District which was later to be referred to as the Manhattan Project. There was a corresponding British company that had the same agenda and they were called the Tube Alloys and it was incorporated to facilitate the development of this new discovery2. The discovery went on underground and the first major development was the manufacture of an atomic bomb in Los Alamos in New Me xico. The site was chiefly disguised as a school and the site produced two bombs whereby one was used to detonate plutonium and the other one was a weapon that resembled a gun in its features. Then there came the relevant search for a test site that would not draw much attention to the enemies. The site chosen was that which had scarce population in Alamogordo and it was given the code name trinity. July 16 of the year 1945 was when the detonation was carried out of the first ever atomic bomb. There was a crater created by the explosion that was more or less equivalent to nearly an amount of TNT close to 20, 000 tons. The Manhattan project managed to facilitate the production of three major bombs. The first one was given the name Gadget, still to avoid landing on the ears of the spies from the enemy countries. The Gadget was also used for test purposes but due to large expenses observed in further testing as the expenses would firmly reduce the rates of production; there were no fur ther unnecessary tests to be done. The two remaining atomic bombs were packed and made ready for Hiroshima and Nagasaki3. A plane that was specifically designed to carry one huge bomb left the Tinian air base on the sixth day of August in the year 1945 at around 2: 45 am. The bomb that was carried in this plane was set to change the course of history for decades to come. The simple plane that carried one simple cargo piece was bound for Hiroshima to facilitate a retaliatory attack and was set to drop the cargo in just about five hours from the departure time. Enola Gay, which was the name of the plane, carried the first bomb of this kind to be used in an area of such magnitude and population. The second such bomb was dropped about five days later. This one was majorly

Final Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Final - Essay Example the operational command of the Allied forces, which included the US forces under the directive of the Supreme Commanders for the South East Asia (Charles, 42) The Truman doctrine stated that the US would provide aid to people anywhere in the globe who fall victims of attempted subjugation by armed minorities of external pressures, however, the Berlin Blockade that saw the Soviet Union cut off the rails and highways delayed the implementation process. The US started airlifting aid up to 1949, when the USSR lifted the blockade. This followed that, the western powers pulled out of Germany and allowed the creation of the West Germany and the USSR reciprocated by allowing the creation of the East Germany. This trend hampered the Truman doctrine (Charles, 51). The Bay of Pigs, Laos, Berlin, the Cuban missile crisis and war at Vietnam formed the flexible response. The test of flexible response on Vietnam was applied by force. There was not strategic planning and implementation and this led to the defeat and humiliation of the US forces (Charles,

Does gender bias and glass ceiling limitations still exist in Fire and Research Paper

Does gender bias and glass ceiling limitations still exist in Fire and Police departments - Research Paper Example In the political realm, the term ‘glass ceiling’ was coined to describe the invisible barriers that prevented women from achieving their goals in the workplace and from attaining senior positions. In the United States fire and police departments, the glass was evident in the past, a factor that associated the departments with men only (Kornblut, 2011). However, the 21st century had brought about multiple changes that have promoted equality in the workplace, allowing women to rise to top leadership positions and venture into careers reserved for men previously. This research paper will investigate whether women still face barriers associated with gender in the fire and police departments. Introduction In order to determine whether women in the police and fire and police departments have broken the glass ceiling, this research will focus on analyzing the existing primary and secondary sources that describe the level of gender bias in the two departments. The extensive lite rature review will adopt a case study format regarding the fire department. The special focus on the Florida and Kenosha fire departments will provide a reflection of the effect of the glass ceiling and its extent in the recent past. The case studies will analyze the findings of primary researches on the issue. Concerning the police department, an extensive literature review will help in analyzing whether gender bias is still in existence. All the sources for use in this research will be subject to a critical appraisal to determine their reliability. The appraisal of the sources will consider the methodologies used, the target populations, and the analysis of the findings. Only the most appropriate sources will be used in this research. The search terms will include the ‘glass ceiling ’,‘ gender biases, police, and fire departments’ Only recent articles will be considered as reliable sources for this research seeks to analyze the extent of the problem accor ding to the most current sources. Research Does Gender Bias Exist in the Fire Department: Case studies of Florida and Kenosha Fire Departments The fire department remained a masculine profession for many years, with only white men pursuing careers in this profession. All through the 1800s, the field exhibited only male, white recruits (Bureau of National Affairs, 2002). Only in the 1920s did the department recruit black males. There is an existing complexity between gender and race, and this highlight of the time taken in the department to include men serves to reflect the resistance that existed towards recruiting women (Denis, 2003). After recruiting black males into the fire department, a half a century lapsed before the department hired the first females in the 1970-1980s. The hiring of the initial lot of black women served as a platform for women gaining entry into the male dominated field. This was considered as the first step towards breaking the existing glass ceiling that h as barred women from venturing into this career. Evidently, in the 1990s, experts thought that it was time for the complete breaking of the glass ceiling because thousands of women secured places in the fire department (Weaver, 2006). It is worth noting that the Los Angeles fire department has an outstanding history of having hired the first black in male 1892, indicating its willingness to embrace racial diversity. The effect of the glass ceil

Community safety Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 1

Community safety - Essay Example Home security to low income communities is a service which is been provided by American Corps under Safe Neighbourhood AmeriCorps Partnership (SNAP). They provide free demonstration security assessments and hardware instalments and provide instruments on demand. This helps them in saving their money on training and resident feel secure. Probability of failure is negligible as only one among all accessed house has faced this problem (SNAP, 2000). Fire Safety is a process by which measures are taken for preventing and reducing fire disasters. It can be implemented during and after construction of building. Its education is also required to individuals for their premises safety. Workplace fire safety is a non - domestic area safety. In England, it is done under supervision of Communities and Local Government (CLG) and in Scotland and Wales under Scottish Government and Wales Assembly Government. HSE (Health and Safety Executive) looks after cases responsible for fire safety. Good Neighbourhood Watch Schemes is a strategy which helps in reducing crime in local areas by motivating individuals to accept their responsibilities towards self safety and community safety. CCTV and Radio link are been used for reducing crime taking place in retail shops and streets. Education and promotions of diversionary related to youth are implemented for reducing rate of crime and offences related to young people. It also helps in overcoming hatred and prejudice. For this protection schemes are also been formulated and implemented. Agencies are established and many schemes and policies are adopted for stopping distribution of drugs and alcohols among young generation. Online services and many agencies and policies are been adopted for stopping domestic violence and sexual assault. Stay Safe Stay Secure Scheme is been adopted for helping older people. It helps them to feel safe in their home (BCSP, 2008). There are many issues faced by fire safety departments. They can be

Informative Speech Plan Essay Example for Free

Informative Speech Plan Essay TITLE: The Scientific Explanation of Dreams SPECIFIC SPEECH PURPOSE: To inform my audience about the scientific explanation of common dreams of humans based on theories and studies which have been gathered at the present time. THESIS STATEMENT: Finding meaning in dreams is a recent subject in the field of psychology and science, the most frequent are traumatic dreams, recurrent dreams and typical dreams, all of which have back up theories aimed to explain its occurrence. INTRODUCTION ATTENTION STEP: Have you ever felt like your dreams mean something to you? Have you ever thought that your dreams have certain connections with perhaps, the future, your life? I for one often dream about the people I’m going to see on a certain day or even the weirdest things like celebrities or my long time crushes. I dream a lot, and I can’t help but think about why I dream of the same things over and over again and why I often dream about things which much to my surprise happens when I wake up. CLARIFICATION STEP: Sleep is our body’s way of rejuvenating the brain’s memories or giving ourselves a break from all the day’s stress, pressure, exhaustion and work. But alongside it, comes dreams. All of us dream right? We dream about random thoughts, people and phenomenon. So today, I will discuss the underlying concepts and theories of the most common dreams namely, traumatic, recurrent, typical and recurring. BODY I. Dreams are defined as sequences of images, thoughts, emotions and feelings occurring reluctantly in the brain during certain stages of sleep. II. There are four types of dreams which are common to people. A. The first type is a traumatic dream. 1. Traumatic Dream is a major symptom of post-traumatic stress disorder. Traumatic dreams, now understood as a major symptom of post-traumatic stress disorder, are experienced by soldiers in war, people engulfed in natural catastrophes, individuals involved in terrible accidents, and women and children who have been raped or assaulted. They are notable because they tend to repeat the traumatic event in all its emotional detail and horror. People suffering from traumatic dreams often dread the thought of going to sleep. 2. Freud put war neurosis dreams to the side by saying that the function of dreaming, like so much else, is upset in this condition, traumatic neuroses and diverted from its purposes. Still, when it came to dream theory, Freud (1920:13) put war neurosis dreams to the side by saying that the function of dreaming, like so much else, is upset in this condition [traumatic neuroses] and diverted from its purposes. In his final formulation on dreams, he admitted that traumatic dreams did not fit his theory, but nonetheless stuck with the old theory by saying the exception does not overturn the rule (Freud, 1933:29). . Instead, we should begin with the most difficult of dreams, traumatic dreams, and search for a theory encompassing them as well as wish fulfillment dreams. 3. These dreams are real dreams experienced by the dreamer, it deals emotional problems people cannot handle, they decrease in frequency and the way these dreams reappear become images for new stressful situations. The most systematic studies on traumatic dreams concern Vietnam veterans because they can be studied in large numbers due to their common experience; then, too, they also make themselves available to researchers through VA hospitals. It is this work that makes it possible to go beyond a mere summation of a wide variety of individual instances in a search for generalizations. First, the combat soldiers who suffered later from traumatic dreams were younger, less educated, and more likely to be emotionally involved with a close buddy who was killed or injured as compared with non-sufferers with similar combat experiences. Those who did not have such dreams put up a wall between themselves and other people while in Vietnam; they decided very early not to become emotionally close to anyone (Hartmann, 1984:209). Second, the dreams begin to change slightly over time as the person recovers, gradually incorporating other elements and becoming less like the exact experience. Put another way, the traumatic dreams slowly come to resemble ordinary dreams (Hartmann, 1984:219). Third, there seems to be a decline in traumatic dreams if they are discussed in groups with other veterans who suffer from them (Wilmer, 1982). Hartmann (1984:238-239) reports early discussion also seems to decrease such dreams in those who suffer from other kinds of traumas as well. Finally, those who have recovered often suffer a relapse to the old dream content when faced with new stressorsWe draw the following implications from the work on traumatic dreams. First, such dreams should not be put aside as exceptions of one sort or another. They are legitimate, real dreams, and they are experienced as dreamlike by the dreamers. Second, these dreams deal, quite obviously, with emotional problems that have overwhelmed the person. They are about emotional events that people cannot handle or assimilate or master, to use several different words to capture aspects of the difficult experience we are here trying to comprehend. Third, the dreams decrease in frequency and become altered in content to the degree that the experience is assimilated. Fourth, the way in which the experiences sometimes reappear when new problems arise suggests the old traumas have become metaphors for new stressful situations. Traumatic dreams, then, reflect a preoccupation with problems we have not resolved. This is a possible starting point for a theory to explain what we dream about. Before making too much of one type of dream, however, it is necessary to look at the closest relative of traumatic dreams, the recurrent dream, to see what conclusions can be drawn from studying it. B. The second type is recurrent dream. 1. Recurrent dreams are often triggered by a certain life situation, a transitional phase in life or a problem that keeps coming back again and again. 1. Recurrent dreams are most often reported to begin in childhood. 2. Recurrent dreams are often reported to begin at times of stress, such as the death of a loved one, separation from parents, or the divorce of parents. C. The third type is a typical dream. 1. Typical Dreams are dreams which are very much alike for many people. 2. The most common are dreams of deceased loved ones, wedding dreams, inappropriate dress dreams and flying dreams. 3. They may disclose emotional expression of emotional preoccupations, both negative and positive, common to everyone at one time or another. D. The fourth type are repetitive dream themes and repeated dream elements 1. The recurring dream tends to reveal you real nature. 2. Recurring dreams are usually an attempt to recognize hidden problems. CONCLUSION SUMMARY STEP: Those are some of the major dreams that people have: traumatic, recurrent, typical and repetitive dreams. ACTION STEP: I look forward that we have learned something from the speech that I have rendered. Dreams have meanings, â€Å"Scientific Meanings† which can be of use to us. Knowing these theories and explanations can help us deal with dreams that we do not understand, hence they are tools for addressing some aspects in our lives. They occur inside our head, science may never tell the exact reason why these dreams occur or recur but personally understanding it will help us deviate from false beliefs about dreams and widen our perceptions about everything we experience and see in our dreams. REFERENCE: Schneider,A. and W.Domhoff. â€Å"The Quantitative Study of Dreams.† psych.ucsc.edu.17October2010.8July2011.

Project Management: Commonwealth Games Opening Ceremony

Project Management: Commonwealth Games Opening Ceremony 1. Executive Summary The project plan is for the the forth coming Common wealth games scheduled to be held during the months of July August in 2014, in Glasgow. The official handing over will take place on the 14th of October 2010,when Delhi in India will handover officially to the city of Glasgow in Scotland, thus appointing Scotland as the Host country for the 2014 Common Wealth Games. It is to be noted that this event will be the largest multisport event ever to be held in Scotland Thus this report includes only of the opening ceremonys Schedule plan, resource allocation and the cost to be effect. 2. Project Introduction scope The recent growth of multi sports as an industry around the world means that the management can no longer be commercials. Events such as the commonwealth games, have a large impact on their communities and, in some cases, the whole country. Thus it is a must to keep in mind throughout the planning process that this is the first time the country is hosting such and event and it shall have an impact to the country. This is a service based scheduling project according to that the initial concern which I will propose will have the following scope which is needed to be completed to be successful in this events opening ceremony. Events Prepare the Events list Find the Human resource by events Find the Items the need in each resource (Dress, Transport and etc..) Analyze the risk and exciting of event with professionals Find the time of event execution Check the events identification (Traditional,etc) Security Check the security availability in the location need to be allocate Prepare high security zone in VIP guest Facilitate the vehicle parking Opening ceremony All task Analyzing Location Guest Prepare the chairs and audience resource Entrance and Exit point Guest area allocation Food and beverage invitation Schedule Time table Event list preparation Allocate Resource to events Allocate time to each and Every time /prepare schedule Media Invite an media Provide a food and beverage Supply the technical need (internet, power) Facilitate an location in ground area Physical resource Electricity Event Items Professional support 3. Objective To find all resource on time: Accurate time estimation is vital in project management. The two main reasons for estimating time is vital as: Time estimates drive the setting of dead lines for delivery of project and also the determination of pricing of projects and its profitability can be estimated. Thus finding all resources on time is very essential to carry on the project without delay as timing is important in an event like this as it has international criticism later on. To allocate funds according to budget Allocation of funds according to budget is a vital aspect, as it is an important tool needed in running a business in a proper manner. The allocation of funds should be done in such away that each responsible person can run the area smoothly without any interruption. To schedule all ceremony event on time without any delay Scheduling all events without a delay is very important as any delay occurring can cause disruption and run to high criticism. Prior to the main event rehersaling of the event should be done. When the rehersaling is done each aspect should be rehearsed without leaving out any event. Thus the above could be avoided. Reduce events errors Facilitate all participant to good service A specialized committee should be allocated the above task, of looking into the needs of the participants and giving them the best service. It is a must to keep in mind this is the event of the participants rather than the spectators. Allocation of physical force is a must to keep the reduction of the above. 4. Measure of Successful level and Recommendation for Each task /Plan and out comes Design/plan Execution Initiation Testing 1. Event activity design 2. Design Dress 3. Allocate the physical resource (music, Dress, Light) 4. Train the persons 5. Task allocate (Sub con) 1 proposal submission 2. Get quotation form 3rd party 3. Prepare the schedule 4. Find the resource 5. Evaluation and selection 1 .Events Activity test with time 2. Physical resource test 3. Schedule test with time 4Recovery test (Disaster) 1 Fixed the date time for each activity events 2. Fix all resource on time (physical human) 3. Execute according to tested schedule Opening Ceremony 1. Schedule monitoring and evaluating report 1 .Events Activity test Report with Reasal 2. Physical resource test Report 3. Schedule test with time test report 4. Recovery test plan (Disaster) 1 proposal Acceptance 2. Budget Approval 3. Schedule and Activity and Event Report 4. Resource Supplier report 1. Design Aspect of event and activity (Document and Demos) 2. Design Dress (Dummy) 3. Allocate the physical resource (music, Dress, Light) Demonstration 4. Train the persons plan and schedule 5. Resource plan and resource requirement 5.1 financial requirement analyses 5.1.1 Budget for the opening ceremony Overall opening ceremony should be allocated in 800 million. In Glasgow 2014 Common wealth Games committee, (Reference in: organization committee Budget allocation document) According to allocated overall budget allocation in 800 Million we will propose our proposal profitability of our plan would be quite satisfactory. 5.2.1 Variable cost breakdown and overall total This allocated budget should be dividing via the major Task event wise. This variable cost breakdown is based on the already allocated budget. Here is the variable cost breakdown: (All the values based on Millions) ÂÂ   Variable cost breakdown ÂÂ   Task/Event Actual cost Allocated cost Staff cost 100 100 Events cost 200 250 Media cost Entertainment 25 25 Security 50 55 Location Guest 10 15 Food Beverage 100 120 Transport 150 160 Total 635 755 Analyzing of the cost estimation: Here graph is explained all the variance in allocated cost and actual cost variance. 1 .Staff cost is fixed as I will explain it further in the organizational chart how the staff should be allocated in the project. After analyze I will fix the cost. 2. Event cost is variance because some creative events, equipments and rehearsal cost should vary, that the main reason to increase an additional 50 for it. 3 Media cost should be fixed. There should not be any risk for it 4. Security, food and transport cost should add some additions .because these are depended on the guest and humans to be involved their activities. Finally analyse all the expenditure additionally allocate a 120 Million for the risk factor wise. This should be variance cost for this. 5.1.3 Revenue breakdown and overall total Since the ceremony revenue is coming in as fallowing category based. Ticketing Suwannees and Advertisement Ground banners and Advertisement Sponsors Additionally in country has non profitable benefits on tourism. Total estimation is all the earnings should be 130 Million. Finally revenue should be in 175 Million. 5.2 physical requirement analyses Physical resources Allocation: Location its resource Allocation of resources will be predicted according to the requirements. Initially we analyze the location and its requirement. Location already decides and its resource should be available. Only need to identify repair and reconstruction points of it. After initial assessment all the reconstruct part and modification done by government .that mean I am not going to put its cost and allocation, Because its up to commonwealth standard achieving through the under supervisor on government and Olympic committee. Ceremony Entertainment and Events Other Ceremony entertainment and cultural and traditional events some expectation in physical equipment items, this is contributing with the one of sub contractor and service provider. Already that ceremony entertainment and event design committee proposal send to sub contractors to get quotation from them. Its basically going under the allocated budget. Because initial easements already done by entertainment and event committee. Services and Supply All other services should be contracted out to sub party. All sub contactors and their services should be evolved by physical resource evaluation committee. Food, transport, security, Entertainment an equipment supliers, electricityetc All these suppliers have to submit their proposal under evaluation committee satisfactory. Standards and Quality of services: This part should be maintained by the commonwealth country sports comate members. Their already provide the standards which have to be maintain for us. Evaluation committee evaluate all these under maintain of these standards. 5.3 Human resource requirement analysis We get divide in major in all HR resource in two categories. One is Project staff and organizing committee other one is out sauce persons who are the consult of the Events and activities. All the outsource consultants are working with us a part time. 5.3.1 Work break down structure Opening ceremony Food and Beverage Resource Events Activity Location and Ground Requirement Decoration Physical resource Furniture Traditional Dance Human resource Event items Events Actors Creative Dance Power Music items Music Dancers Water Lightning relevant Event Area special feature Ground Decorate Singers Musicians Power supplier Security Ground suppliers Designers This work break down structure should be view ad all Major activity tasks have to do in this ceremony process. This may provide a series of work brak downstrcture for planning and all implementation Events in ceremony. Each and every circumstance of the ceremony project and objectives this should be evaluated. This is providing a benchmark by which quality for the project process can be assessed and level can be successful. 6. Scheduling and Time plan 6.1 Recommended timings from October 2014 to the opening ceremony We are plan out to start as 15th of Arial 2014 in the project. We can finalize it 20 the July2014. If it can be execute 23 July 2014 to on word. Execution plan is 2 days final set up preparation .and Ready for final execution on opening ceremony on 23rd July 2014 6.1.1 Gantt chart and Key Milestone 6.1.2 Risk Analysis in Time Frame We decide to finish all the work and ready for ceremony in 1st 20 the July2014. That mean we handle finally 3days risk mitigation on the final execution. And other thing is most of the activity task going on par rally. Not depend on other task .that plan should be mitigate the time risk of the project. And other thing in Resource evaluation and physical resource allocation we get finish mid of September. Lighting, music, ground setup, activity basic set up. That is very impotent to reduce the Technical risk and the man power risk and also can mitigate the Disaster recovery in the ceremony time. 7. Task and Person allocation 7.1 Task and allocated Team Structure 7.2 Organizational Breakdown structure Project manager Supply manager Program manager HR manager Coordination manager Admin coordinator HR supply assistant Event and Activity Designer Resource finder Evaluation Committee Coordinator Service supply assistant HR coordinators Media coordinator Security Coordinator Physical resource supply assistant Project manager Food Beverage coordinator Secluded and Time maker Physical resource coordinator Additionally have a consultant on the ceremony event and activities as fawning professionals Artifact and designs Lighting Sounds Dancing and songs 8. Work procedure 8.1 Procurement management approaches The Procurement management plan should be defined to clearly identify the all task and the responsibilities for Procurement from the beginning to the end of the project .The project manager will work with the project team, contractors, supply department, and other key players to manage the Procurement activities. In order to our team structure all the managers (program, HR, Coordination and supply) responsible for their department wise activities to beginning to end of this project. Every department should be submitting their request as fallowing format. Supply manager have to be responsible to check with purchasing for each and every Items and service. Item/Service justification needed by/ date ÂÂ   ÂÂ   ÂÂ   ÂÂ   ÂÂ   ÂÂ   ÂÂ   ÂÂ   ÂÂ   ÂÂ   ÂÂ   ÂÂ   Authorized to approve purchases for the project team: Project manager : warnapriya wijesundara Supply Manager : Lasantha balasuriya Purchasing officer : nalin weerasingha 8.2 Contractors and subcontractors managing Then first step in the contract approval process is to determine what items or services will require Procurement from outside. Then each and every department managers need to request what are they need service and items from project manager. Manager will evaluate it with an head of department managers and suplymanager the call to get quotation from out side vendors. And also need to finalize this with evaluation committee members with Olympic committee member in commonwealth. Vendors must have as fallows: Before start all the contractors should be need to register in the government ministry of import and export and construction in Scotland. Vendors have to submit their proposal include their service, cost and Items and their history of customers. All the Item and service need to up to evaluation committee standard. 8.3 Standard of maintain sub contractors Evaluation for Each project This section will explain the evaluation for the each and every service with vendors. Based on the following decision criteria Procurement manager, project manager, Purchasing manager and the international committee member evaluate all service and Items: Here is the area as we get evaluate: Ability of the vendor to provide all items by the required delivery date Quality Cost Expected delivery date Comparison of outsourced cost versus in-sourcing Past performance 9. Conclusion To conclude this proposal this project based on organizing the opening ceremony on Glasgow 2014 Commonwealth Games we will estimate all based on as initially 800 Million Dollars. After revenue analyzing we will think to take a 135 Million. As our suggestion is it can be done 755 Million. Our risk factor is 120 Million. The 120 Million is vary on the Glasgow 2014 Common wealth Games evaluation committee suggestion and request. This shows that the ratio of profitability of our plan would be quite satisfactory.